ad2openldap

ad2openldap - IDMAP for Linux replicated from AD
================================================

Why ad2openldap ?
-----------------

ad2openldap is a lightweight replicator for user, group and netgroup information from Microsoft
Active Directory into an OpenLDAP server to serve as Unix IDMAP solution. The original version was
developed at Fred Hutch in 2010 to overcome frustrations with slow and unreliable Linux LDAP
connectivity to Active Directory and to isolate badly behaving HPC scripts ("fork bombs") from
critical AD infrastructure.

ad2openldap in 2018 and beyond
------------------------------

In 2017 we observed that newer solutions have grown in complexity (SSSD, Centrify) but have not been
able to match ad2openldap in performance and reliability (SSSD). As we are migrating more services
to cloud we continue to benefit from LDAP caches/replicas that provide low latency ldap services and
ad2openldap continues to be a critical piece of infrastructure on more than 2000 servers/compute
nodes on premise and in AWS and Google cloud. We decided to port the tool to Python3, add an easy
installer via pip3 and test it on newer OS. We hope it will be as useful to others as it is to us.

Installation
------------

Ubuntu
^^^^^^

On Ubuntu you will be prompted for an new LDAP Administrator password. please remember this
password.

::

    sudo apt install -y python3-pip slapd
    sudo pip3 install ad2openldap

RHEL/CentOS 6 (untested in 2018)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

::

    sudo yum -y install epel-release
    sudo yum -y install python34 python34-setuptools python34-devel gcc slapd
    sudo easy_install-3.4 pip
    sudo pip3 install ad2openldap

RHEL/CentOS 7 (untested in 2018)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

::

    sudo yum -y install python??
    sudo pip3 install ad2openldap

Configuration
-------------

/etc/ad2openldap/ad2openldap.conf requires these minimum settings:

::

    # openldap adimistrator password (you set this during installation)
    bind_dn_password: ChangeThisLocalAdminPassword12345
    # AD service account (userPrincipalName aka UPN)
    ad_account: ldap@example.com
    # password for AD service account
    ad_account_password: ChangeThisPassword
    # AD LDAP URL of one of your domain controllers
    ad_url: ldap://dc.example.com
    # The base DN to use from Active Directory, under which objects are  retrieved.
    ad_base_dn: dc=example,dc=com

execute the setup script and enter items when prompted

::

    ad2openlap3 setup

then create a cronjob in file /etc/cron.d/ad2openldap that runs ca. every 15 min

::

    SHELL=/bin/bash
    MAILTO=alertemail@institute.org
    */15 * * * *   root /usr/local/bin/ad2openldap3 deltasync
       --dont-blame-ad2openldap -v >>/var/log/ad2openldap/ad2openldap.log 2>&1 ;
       /usr/local/bin/ad2openldap3 healthcheck -N username

It is strongly recommended to up the default open files limit for slapd to at least 8192

::

    echo “ulimit -n 8192” >> /etc/default/slapd (or /etc/defaults/slapd depending on distribution)

Troubleshooting
---------------

Use the --verbose flag to log to STDOUT/STDERR.

The AD dumps and diffs are in /tmp by default:

::

    ad_export.ldif - current dump
    ad_export.ldif.0 - last dump
    ad_export_delta.diff - computed differences between these files

Possible failure modes are:

LDAP server failure - needs restart, possibly followed by forced full update if corrupt or
incomplete

Firewall block still improperly active - look at update script for removal syntax (this failure is
very unlikely given the current process)

Bad or conflicting AD entities - a forced full update should remedy this

In the event that an incremental update is not possible or bypassed using the command line parameter
'--fullsync', a full update will instead occur.

A full update:

-  Dumps groups, users and NIS group entities from AD
-  Locks out remote access to the LDAP server via the firewall
-  Shuts down the LDAP server
-  Writes a new blank database using the LDIF template
-  Directly imports AD dump into database
-  Restarts LDAP server
-  Removes firewall block on LDAP server